interference of electrons

Interference of electrons occurs due to the wave nature of electrons. When the electron waves are superposed, the amplitudes are added when their phases are the same but are canceled when their phases are opposite. When electrons travel a crystalline specimen, they are reflected by various atomic planes in the specimen (Bragg reflections) and diffracted waves are produced in various directions. When these waves meet on the TEM image plane, the waves constructively interfere where their phases are matched, whereas the waves destructively interfere where their phases are opposite. As a result, a fringe or a net image intensity modulation is formed.

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