phase transformation
phase transformation
A phenomenon where a substance transforms to a different state by a change of the external conditions (temperature, pressure, magnetic field, etc.). "Phase transformation" is classified into the first-order and the second-order phase transformations. The former exhibits a discontinuity in the first derivative of the free energy with respect to temperature, which includes melting of solids and vaporization of liquids. The latter exhibits a discontinuity in the second derivative of the free energy temperature, which includes the transformation of the ferromagnetic state (iron, etc.) to the paramagnetic state at Curie temperature and the transformation of the alloys from a chemical order state to a disorder state (and vice versa).
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